Analysis of phyto-components and therapeutic potential of Calotropis procera Leaf extracts in the treatment of skin and wound infections.

Maryam Bappah Adamu; Shuaibu Usman Yahaya; Ahamed Kolawole Jimoh; Qossim Mudathir; Nusayba Dambam Zakari; Halima Bawa; Sulaiman Tukur Aminu; Sambo Bello Zailani

doi:10.5455/JPPR.20260125082525

Abstract
Aim: Calotropis procera has been used in folk medicine to treat various ailments, particularly skin and wound infections. This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical components of plant extracts and investigate their therapeutic potential in treating skin and wound infections.

Methods: The plant leaves were collected, identified, washed, air-dried, and pulverized into powdered form, and extracted with aqueous, ethanol, and ethyl acetate solutions. The obtained extracts were subjected to GC-MS analysis. Compounds identified were searched in the literature and in silico for their therapeutic characteristics. In silico prediction of the bioactive characteristics of the compounds was performed using an online software, activity spectra for biologically active substances (PASS).

Results: The analysis revealed the presence of six chemical compounds in the extracts of C. procera: fatty alcohols (3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol,1-dodecanol, 3,7,11-trimethyl), fatty acids (n-hexadecanoic acid, decanoic acid, 3-methyl-, hexadecanoic acid, and methyl ester), Carbohydrates (β-D-Glucopyranose, 1,6-anhydro), sulfur heterocycles (3-n-hexylthiolane S,S-dioxide), polyphenols (1,2,3-benzenetriol), and coumarins (hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylprop-2-enyl). These compounds have been noted to have potential benefits in treating skin and wound infections.

Conclusion: This study highlights the potential application of this plant extract for treating skin ailments and wound infections, thereby providing a theoretical basis that supports its traditional use.

Key words: Analysis, Therapeutic, effect, Calotropis Procera, skin, infection and wound