Antibacterial Activity of the Combined Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Corchurus olitorius and Bryophyllum pinnatum on Some Multi-drug Resistant Bacterial Isolates

Folashade Sarah Ojeleye; Theresa Onyeche Isama; Olamide Racheal Oyekunle; Jessica Kasham John; Talatu Patience Markus; Ochuko Orakpoghenor

doi:10.5455/JBRR.20240220124026

Abstract
The surge in antibiotic resistance has led to an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of the combined ethanolic leaf extracts of Corchurus olitorius and Bryophyllum pinnatum on some MDR bacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The ethanolic leaf extracts were prepared using standard procedures. Antibacterial sensitivity of the isolates were carried out using varying concentrations (200, 100, 50, and 25 mg/mL) of different C. olitorius to B. pinnatum (C:B) extract mixtures (75:25%, 50:50% and 25:75%). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined. Results revealed sensitivity of all test isolates to all the C:B mixtures except for P. mirabilis, and the sensitivities were concentration dependent with the highest at 200 mg/mL. From the MIC, all susceptible isolates were inhibited at 25 mg/mL except for E. coli, which was inhibited at the concentration of 50 mg/mL. The MBC showed inhibition of test isolates at 50 mg/mL except E. coli, which was inhibited at 100 mg/mL. Proteus mirabilis was not susceptible to any concentration of the C:B mixtures. This study explored the combined antibacterial efficacy of ethanolic leaf extracts from C. olitorius and B. Pinnatum against MDR bacterial isolates, demonstrating promising sensitivity in various concentrations and mixtures, with notable resistance observed in Proteus mirabilis.

Key words: ethanolic leaf extracts, Corchurus olitorius, Bryophyllum pinnatum, antibacterial