Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria

Shamsuddini Abdulsalam Inuwa; Marufah Dupe Lasisi; Bamidele Issa Lubuola; Abdulkadir Usman Sambo; Yakubu Anas Ibrahim; Sunday John; Ibrahim Aliyu Musa; Abubakar Sulaiman Baguda; Abdulaziz Hadi Ibrahim; Nafisatu Hayatudeen; Musa Abdulrazaq Ibrahim

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

J Pub Health Comm Med. 2026; 5(1): 24-32

doi: 10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria

Shamsuddini Abdulsalam Inuwa, Marufah Dupe Lasisi, Bamidele Issa Lubuola, Abdulkadir Usman Sambo, Yakubu Anas Ibrahim, Sunday John, Ibrahim Aliyu Musa, Abubakar Sulaiman Baguda, Abdulaziz Hadi Ibrahim, Nafisatu Hayatudeen, Musa Abdulrazaq Ibrahim.

Abstract
Background:
Schizophrenia is one of the leading contributors to disease burden and disability across all regions of the world. Although the mainstay of management of patients with schizophrenia involves the use of medications, often over long periods, the high rate of non-adherence to the medications among this group of patients usually undermines the desired favorable outcomes. Medication non-adherence (MNA) remains one of the major confounding factors in the treatment outcome of the illness.
Aim: To determine the prevalence and predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with schizophrenia at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 262 participants consecutively. All participants had their diagnoses confirmed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) Version 7.0.2, after which a sociodemographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire and an 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) were administered. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results: The median age of the participants was 37.0 years, and more than half (56.5%) were within the age range of 35 – 59 years. Similarly, the majority (59.9%) were Muslims, with more than three-quarters (70.6%) having their age of onset of illness within the range 20 - 39 years. The prevalence of medication non-adherence (MNA) was 59.2%, and partial insight was identified as a predictor of MNA among the study participants.
Conclusion: There exists a high level of MNA among patients with schizophrenia. Employing mechanisms that improve insight could enhance medication adherence among them.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, medication non-adherence, predictors, Nigeria.

Key words: Keywords: Schizophrenia, medication non-adherence, predictors, Nigeria

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Inuwa SA, Lasisi MD, Lubuola BI, Sambo AU, Ibrahim YA, John S, Musa IA, Baguda AS, Ibrahim AH, Hayatudeen N, Ibrahim MA. Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. J Pub Health Comm Med. 2026; 5(1): 24-32. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

Web Style

Inuwa SA, Lasisi MD, Lubuola BI, Sambo AU, Ibrahim YA, John S, Musa IA, Baguda AS, Ibrahim AH, Hayatudeen N, Ibrahim MA. Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. https://www.wisdomgale.com/jphcm/?mno=289048 [Access: June 06, 2026]. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Inuwa SA, Lasisi MD, Lubuola BI, Sambo AU, Ibrahim YA, John S, Musa IA, Baguda AS, Ibrahim AH, Hayatudeen N, Ibrahim MA. Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. J Pub Health Comm Med. 2026; 5(1): 24-32. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Inuwa SA, Lasisi MD, Lubuola BI, Sambo AU, Ibrahim YA, John S, Musa IA, Baguda AS, Ibrahim AH, Hayatudeen N, Ibrahim MA. Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. J Pub Health Comm Med. (2026), [cited June 06, 2026]; 5(1): 24-32. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

Harvard Style

Inuwa, S. A., Lasisi, . M. D., Lubuola, . B. I., Sambo, . A. U., Ibrahim, . Y. A., John, . S., Musa, . I. A., Baguda, . A. S., Ibrahim, . A. H., Hayatudeen, . N. & Ibrahim, . M. A. (2026) Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. J Pub Health Comm Med, 5 (1), 24-32. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

Turabian Style

Inuwa, Shamsuddini Abdulsalam, Marufah Dupe Lasisi, Bamidele Issa Lubuola, Abdulkadir Usman Sambo, Yakubu Anas Ibrahim, Sunday John, Ibrahim Aliyu Musa, Abubakar Sulaiman Baguda, Abdulaziz Hadi Ibrahim, Nafisatu Hayatudeen, and Musa Abdulrazaq Ibrahim. 2026. Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine, 5 (1), 24-32. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

Chicago Style

Inuwa, Shamsuddini Abdulsalam, Marufah Dupe Lasisi, Bamidele Issa Lubuola, Abdulkadir Usman Sambo, Yakubu Anas Ibrahim, Sunday John, Ibrahim Aliyu Musa, Abubakar Sulaiman Baguda, Abdulaziz Hadi Ibrahim, Nafisatu Hayatudeen, and Musa Abdulrazaq Ibrahim. "Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria." Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine 5 (2026), 24-32. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Inuwa, Shamsuddini Abdulsalam, Marufah Dupe Lasisi, Bamidele Issa Lubuola, Abdulkadir Usman Sambo, Yakubu Anas Ibrahim, Sunday John, Ibrahim Aliyu Musa, Abubakar Sulaiman Baguda, Abdulaziz Hadi Ibrahim, Nafisatu Hayatudeen, and Musa Abdulrazaq Ibrahim. "Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria." Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine 5.1 (2026), 24-32. Print. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Inuwa, S. A., Lasisi, . M. D., Lubuola, . B. I., Sambo, . A. U., Ibrahim, . Y. A., John, . S., Musa, . I. A., Baguda, . A. S., Ibrahim, . A. H., Hayatudeen, . N. & Ibrahim, . M. A. (2026) Predictors of medication non-adherence among outpatients with Schizophrenia at Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine, 5 (1), 24-32. doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20251008012854