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2025, Vol: 2, Issue: 3
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Original Article
Online Published: 01 Jun 2025
 


Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis

Uchechukwu Harrison Orji, Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe1 Emeka Ilodigwe, Amara Anwuchaepe Ajaghaku, Ikechukwu Sonne Mbagwu, Paul Chinwuba, Uchechukwu Loveth Iyanyi, Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku.


Abstract
Background: This study investigated the effect of a phenol-rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana F. Hoffm on retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis in mice.
Method: Osteoporosis was induced in female Swiss albino mice by oral administration of retinoic acid (80 mg/kg) for 14 d. The phenol-rich fraction was obtained through sequential liquid-liquid partitioning of the methanolic extract of Ochna schweinfurthiana bark. The mice were divided into eight groups: naive control, vehicle control, five treatment groups receiving 50-800 mg/kg of the phenol-rich fraction, and a reference group receiving alendronate (40 mg/kg). This treatment was administered orally for 14 days. My body weight, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), uterine weight, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated.
Results: The phenol-rich fraction significantly increased body weight, BMC, and BMD and reduced elevated serum calcium, phosphorus, ALP, ACP, and MDA levels compared to the vehicle control. The median effective doses (ED50) for BMC, BMD, serum calcium, phosphorus, ALP, ACP, and MDA were 451, 228.27, 3930, 1394, 645, 2080, and 468.72 mg/kg, respectively.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that the phenol-rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana possesses osteoprotective properties against retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis in mice, possibly owing to its antioxidant and anti-resorptive effects. Further studies are needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying these effects and identify the specific phenolic compounds responsible for the observed osteoprotective activity.

Key words: Osteoporosis; Phenol rich fraction; bone turnover, Ochna schweinfurthiana, Retinoic acid, Bone mineral content, Bone mineral density, Oxidative stress


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Orji UH, Ilodigwe EEIE, Ajaghaku AA, Mbagwu IS, Chinwuba P, Iyanyi UL, Ajaghaku DL. Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis. J Exp Lab Med. 2025; 2(3): 90-105. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334

Web Style

Orji UH, Ilodigwe EEIE, Ajaghaku AA, Mbagwu IS, Chinwuba P, Iyanyi UL, Ajaghaku DL. Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis. https://www.wisdomgale.com/jelm/?mno=254041 [Access: June 11, 2025]. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Orji UH, Ilodigwe EEIE, Ajaghaku AA, Mbagwu IS, Chinwuba P, Iyanyi UL, Ajaghaku DL. Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis. J Exp Lab Med. 2025; 2(3): 90-105. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Orji UH, Ilodigwe EEIE, Ajaghaku AA, Mbagwu IS, Chinwuba P, Iyanyi UL, Ajaghaku DL. Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis. J Exp Lab Med. (2025), [cited June 11, 2025]; 2(3): 90-105. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334


Harvard Style

Orji, U. H., Ilodigwe, . E. E. I. E., Ajaghaku, . A. A., Mbagwu, . I. S., Chinwuba, . P., Iyanyi, . U. L. & Ajaghaku, . D. L. (2025) Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis. J Exp Lab Med, 2 (3), 90-105. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334


Turabian Style

Orji, Uchechukwu Harrison, Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe Emeka Ilodigwe, Amara Anwuchaepe Ajaghaku, Ikechukwu Sonne Mbagwu, Paul Chinwuba, Uchechukwu Loveth Iyanyi, and Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku. 2025. Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis. Journal of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, 2 (3), 90-105. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334


Chicago Style

Orji, Uchechukwu Harrison, Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe Emeka Ilodigwe, Amara Anwuchaepe Ajaghaku, Ikechukwu Sonne Mbagwu, Paul Chinwuba, Uchechukwu Loveth Iyanyi, and Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku. "Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis." Journal of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine 2 (2025), 90-105. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Orji, Uchechukwu Harrison, Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe Emeka Ilodigwe, Amara Anwuchaepe Ajaghaku, Ikechukwu Sonne Mbagwu, Paul Chinwuba, Uchechukwu Loveth Iyanyi, and Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku. "Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis." Journal of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine 2.3 (2025), 90-105. Print. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Orji, U. H., Ilodigwe, . E. E. I. E., Ajaghaku, . A. A., Mbagwu, . I. S., Chinwuba, . P., Iyanyi, . U. L. & Ajaghaku, . D. L. (2025) Effect of Phenol Rich fraction of Ochna schweinfurthiana on Retinoic acid induced Osteoporosis. Journal of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, 2 (3), 90-105. doi:10.5455/JELM.20250423061334


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