Abstract
Background and Aim: To improve animal health and productivity in pig farming, various forms of antibiotics have been employed and this has contributed to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study is to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of some bacteria isolated from faeces of pigs.
Methods: A total of 100 pig faecal samples were collected randomly from various pig farms using sterile sample bottles. After incubation, samples were subcultered on MacConkey and Blood agar plates. Biochemical test was carried out base on standard bacteriological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility Test was performed using Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method and interpreted as described by Clinical laboratory standards institute as resistant (R), intermediate (I) and susceptible (S).
Results: A total of 34 bacteria isolates were obtained from 100 faecal samples of pigs. The most frequently identified isolates were Staphylococcus 31 (91.2%) followed by Klebsiella 2 (5.9%), and Escherichia coli 1 (2.9%). For multiple antibiotic resistant pattern Staphylococcus with 72 isolates were resistant to TET, AMC, AZM, CT, CTR, with multiple antibiotic resistance index of 0.694. Klebsiella with 13 isolates were resistant to CIP, TET, AMP, PEN, CXM, GEN, STR, OFX, CMP with multiple antibiotic resistance index of 6.923. Escherichia coli with 6 isolates were resistant to TET, AMP, PEN, CXM, GEN, CMP with multiple antibiotic resistance index of 10.00.
Conclusion: The organisms show high resistance to Tetracycline, Amoxacillin, Penicillin, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, Ampiclox, Cefuroxine, and Gentamicin. This could have implications on human health through the possible transfer of antibiotic resistant genes in contaminated food chain.